Published on March 29, 2022

Seoul Metropolitan City

Seoul Metropolitan City

modern times

Allied Military Establishment Period

  • August 15, 1945: The Empire of Japan announces its acceptance of the Potsdam Declaration (defeat of Japan in World War II) (Gyokuon Hoso), ending Japanese rule on the Korean Peninsula.
  • September 2, 1945: The Japanese Empire signs the Instrument of Surrender, ending World War II. Korea officially comes under the jurisdiction of the Allied Forces (Soviet Union forces north of the 38th parallel and U.S. forces south of that line).
  • September 6, 1945: "Preparatory Committee for the Establishment of the Republic of Korea" formed in Gyeongseongbu by Lu Un-Hyung and others, proclaiming the establishment of the "People's Republic of Korea.
  • September 8, 1945: The first wave of U.S. Army Lieutenant General Hodge's 24th U.S. Army Corps lands at Incheon; on the 9th, the Korean Governor-General signs the Instrument of Surrender.
  • September 11, 1945: The United States of America proclaims the Military Administration of the U.S. Army Headquarters in South Korea.
  • October 1945: The United States refuses to recognize the "People's Republic of Korea" and the "Preparatory Commission for the Establishment of the Republic of Korea".
  • October 1945: The Provisional People's Committee of the Communist Party of North Korea is established in North Korea.
  • December 1945: Moscow Tripartite Foreign Ministers' Conference. On December 30, Song Jin-woo, leader of the Democratic Party of Korea (DPRK), is assassinated by Kim Koo-affiliated nationalists.
  • February 3, 1946: The Tonghua Incident occurs in Manchuria, in which the Korean Volunteer Army joins in.
  • February 3, 1946: Establishment of the Provisional People's Committee of North Korea in North Korea.
  • October 1, 1946: Outbreak of the Daegu October Incident in South Korea.
  • February 20, 1947 North Korean People's Committee established in North Korea.
  • April 3, 1948: Outbreak of the Jeju Island 4.3 Incident in South Korea.
  • October 19, 1948: The Yeosu-Suncheon Incident breaks out in South Korea.
  • 1948: The U.S. and the Soviet Union establish their own puppet regimes in the north and south (the "Republic of Korea" ("ROK") led by First President Syngman Rhee in the south on August 15, and the "Democratic People's Republic of Korea" ("DPRK") led by Premier Kim Il Sung in the north on September 9).

Korean War (1950-1953)

  • June 25, 1950: Outbreak of war when the Korean People's Army of North Korea invaded south of the 38th parallel of north latitude.
  • June 1950- The Hodo Incident. The United Nations Forces, formed mainly by U.S. forces, enters the war.
  • July 1950: Old Loafing Village Incident.
  • September 15, 1950 Incheon Landing Operation
  • October 1950: Chinese Communist Party volunteer troops join the fighting.
  • 1951 National Defense Forces Incident.
  • February 1951: The massacre of the good people of Iichang.
  • July 1951- Ceasefire talks are held.
  • July 27, 1953: Armistice Agreement signed at Panmunjom; military demarcation line (DMZ) finalized.

"The Establishment of the North-South Divide on the Korean Peninsula."

Republic of Korea (South Korea)

  • First Republic
    • The Syngman Rhee Administration...First - Third President of South Korea (1948 - 1960)
      • Jeju Island 4.3 Incident from April 3, 1948.
      • August 15, 1948. Republic of KoreaDeclaration of the establishment of the governmentThe first president of the United States, Lee Seung-man, is inaugurated. Seung-man Lee is inaugurated as the first president.
      • October 19, 1948: Yeosu-Suntian Incident.
      • January 7, 1949: Declaration of possession of Tsushima. Demanded return of Tsushima to Japan.。
      • December 24, 1949: The Mungyeong Massacre.
      • June 25, 1950: The Korean War breaks out when the Korean People's Army of North Korea invades south of the 38th parallel of north latitude and launches a pre-emptive attack on South Korea.
      • 1950 From the summer of 1950, the Hodo League Incident.
      • 1952 Declaration of the Syngman Rhee Line.
      • February 4, 1952 Dai-Ichi Daibo Maru Incident.
      • July 27, 1953 Korean War Armistice Agreement signed at Panmunjom, establishing the military demarcation line (DMZ) with North Korea.
      • 1953: Occupation of Takeshima.
      • 1959 Attempted bombing of the Niigata Red Cross Center.
      • 1960: The regime collapses in the April Revolution.
  • The Second Republic
    • Yun Boseon Administration...Fourth President (1960 - 1963)
      • Because of the parliamentary cabinet system during this period, the real power was in the hands of the prime minister, Tsutomu Chang.

Supreme Council of State Reconstruction (military government), Third Republic, Fourth Republic

  • Park Chung-hee Administration...5th - 9th President (1963 - 1979)
    • 1961: Coup d'état brings the government to power.
    • 1963 Assumes the presidency (Third Republic).
    • 1965: The Basic Treaty between Japan and South Korea is concluded.
    • 1965: Entered the Vietnam War.
    • 1965 The People's Revolutionary Party Incident (First) occurs.
    • January 21, 1968 Attempted attack on Cheongwadae.
    • February 12, 1968 - Massacre of Phong Nhi Phong Nhat.
    • August 23, 1971 Jitsuojima Incident.
    • Dec. 6, 1971: State of national emergency declared.。
    • July 4, 1972 North and South Korea simultaneously issue the North-South Joint Statement (July 4 Joint Statement).
    • October 17, 1972 Restoration regime established (Fourth Republic).
    • August 15, 1974 Wen Shigang case.
    • 1974: The Minsei Gakuren incident occurs.
    • 1979 President Park Chung-hee is assassinated by his aides (Park Chung-hee assassination).
    • Choi Kyung-sa Administration...Tenth President (1979 - 1980)
      • December 12, 1979: Soongun coup.
  • Fifth Republic
    • Jeon Doo-hwan administration...11th and 12th presidents (1980 - 1988)
      • May 18, 1980 Gwangju Incident.
      • 1987 June War.
      • June 29, 1987 Declaration of Democracy of June 29, 1987.
  • Sixth Republic
    • Roh Tae-woo Administration...13th President (1988 - 1993)
      • September-October 1988: Seoul Olympics held.
      • September 17, 1991: Joined the United Nations. Joined at the same time as North Korea.
    • Kim Yong Sam administration (civilian government) ... 14th president (1993 - 1998)
      • 1994 Nuclear Crisis. U.S. war against the North is averted at the water's edge.
      • 1995 Jeon Doo-hwan and Roh Tae-woo are prosecuted in connection with the Gwangju Incident and other matters.
      • 1997 Asian currency crisis.
    • Kim Dae-jung Administration (Government of the People) ... Fifteenth President (1998 - 2003)
      • Launched the Sunshine Policy (policy of appeasement of North Korea). First inter-Korean summit with Kim Jong-il (June 2000).
      • Began opening up Japanese popular culture.
      • 2002 Japan-Korea co-hosted soccer World Cup.
    • Roh Moo-hyun Administration (Participating Government) ... Sixteenth President (2003 - 2008)
      • March 12, 2004: The National Assembly passes impeachment charges against President Roh Moo-hyun. Ko Jian assumes acting presidential duties.
      • April 15, 2004: Woori Party wins the 17th National Assembly general election. The people show their will to reject impeachment.
      • May 14, 2004 Constitutional Court dismisses impeachment charges. Roh Moo-hyun is reinstated to the presidency.
      • October 2, 2007 - October 4, 2007 Second North-South Summit
    • Lee Myung-bak Administration...17th President (2008 - 2013)
      • November 22, 2009: Started the Four Rivers (Han River, Nakdong River, Geum River, and Yeongsan River) maintenance project.
      • On November 11, 2010, the G20 Summit was held in the capital city of Seoul.
    • Park Geun-hye Administration...18th President (2013 - 2017)
      • 2013 MIKTA member.
      • December 9, 2016 The National Assembly passes an impeachment motion against President Park Geun-hye, and Hwang Kyo-ahn assumes presidential duties.
    • Moon Jae-in Administration...19th President (2017 - present)
      • February 2018 PyeongChang Olympics.
      • April 27, 2018 Third inter-Korean summit with North Korean State Committee Chairman Kim Jong-un。

Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK)

  • Kim Il Sung regime (1945 - 1994)
    • September 9, 1948, led by Prime Minister Kim Il SungDemocratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea)Founding Declaration.
    • 1949 The Democratic Front for the Unification of the Fatherland is formed by a gathering of major North and South Korean political groups.
    • June 1949: The Workers' Party of Korea is established. Kim Il Sung becomes Chairman of the Central Committee.
    • June 25, 1950: The Korean War breaks out when the Korean People's Army (North Korean army) invades the 38th parallel south of latitude and launches a pre-emptive attack on South Korea.
    • July 27, 1953 Korean War Armistice Agreement signed at Panmunjom, establishing the military demarcation line (DMZ) with South Korea.
    • After the armistice of the Korean War, Kim Il Sung purged Park Hyun Young and others.
    • April 1956: The 3rd Congress of the Workers' Party of Korea held.
    • August 29, 1956: August sectarian incident; Park Chang-ok of the Soviet faction, Choe Chang-ik of the Yeonan faction, and others are purged by Kim Il Sung.
    • August 1958: The socialist system is established.
    • September 1961: Fourth Congress of the Workers' Party of Korea held.
    • 1965: Joined CONEFO.
    • January 23, 1968 Pueblo Incident.
    • November 1970: The 5th Congress of the Workers' Party of Korea held.
    • July 4, 1972: The Republic of Korea and the Republic of Korea simultaneously issue the North-South Joint Declaration (July 4 Joint Declaration).
    • 1972 Kim Il Sung's purge of opposition forces is completed. The Socialist Constitution of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea is enacted and Kim Il Sung assumes the newly created post of President of the Republic.
    • 1973 The question of Kim Il Sung's successor emerges.
    • 1977 The official philosophy of the state in the "Socialist Constitution of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea" is changed from "Marxism-Leninism" to "subject thought.
    • October 1980: 6th Congress of the Workers' Party of Korea held.
    • January 1987: Begins implementation of the Third Seven-Year Plan (virtually the last economic development plan). (It was not completed until 1993.)
    • July 1989: The 13th World Youth Student Festival was held in Pyongyang, the capital of Japan.
    • September 17, 1991: Joined the United Nations (simultaneously with the Republic of Korea)
    • July 8, 1994 Death of Kim Il SungThe succession of power by hereditary succession to his biological son and eldest son, Kim Jong-il.
  • Kim Jong-il regime (1994 - 2011)
    • 2000: First inter-Korean summit with South Korean President Kim Dae-jung. The "June 15 North-South Joint Declaration" was issued.
    • 2002 Japan-North Korea Summit, Japan-North Korea Pyongyang Declaration
    • December 9, 2004: The remaining 155,000 tons of humanitarian aid from Japan is suspended.
    • February 11, 2005: Officially admits to producing and possessing nuclear weapons.
    • July 15, 2006 United Nations Security Council adopts Resolution No. 1695.
    • October 9, 2006: Nuclear test announced.
    • October 15, 2006 United Nations Security Council adopts Resolution 1718.
    • October 2-October 4, 2007: Second inter-Korean summit with South Korean President Roh Moo-hyun.
    • December 17, 2011: Death of Kim Jong-il; succession of power by hereditary succession to his own son and third son, Kim Jong-un.
  • Kim Jong-un regime (2011 - present)
    • May 2016 The 7th Congress of the Workers' Party of Korea (WPK) is held for the first time in 36 years, since 1980 under the regime of its grandfather and first supreme leader, Kim Il Sung.
    • April 27, 2018 Kim Jong-un becomes the first North Korean Supreme Leader in history to cross the Panmunjom military demarcation line and visit South KoreaConducted the third inter-Korean summit with President Moon Jae-in and announced the "Panmunjom Declaration。
    • June 12, 2018 Kim Jong-un and United States President Donald Trump will hold a summit meeting in Singapore and issue a joint statement. This is the first time in history that the current President of the United States and the Supreme Leader of North Korea will meet face-to-face and hold talks.

[Source.

History of KoreaWikipedia.

History of Korea KoreaThe Open University of Japan